{"collectionById":{"b1dae2ea-98b2-4e8a-9ac5-3ea5de6f6688":{"id":"b1dae2ea-98b2-4e8a-9ac5-3ea5de6f6688","name":"Substack Writings","fieldSchemas":[{"id":"f61f5a83-1613-413f-b551-1325163ac001","name":"Title","type":"plain_text","role":"primary"},{"id":"d13e3c45-1025-4da5-a87f-c674c23b1d03","name":"Slug","type":"slug","role":"slug"},{"id":"fb18b1d5-be2a-4193-8702-66e37269b64d","name":"Rich text","type":"rich_text"}],"itemById":{"4a18bf40-2614-4dc6-b04d-ada04096a026":{"id":"4a18bf40-2614-4dc6-b04d-ada04096a026","index":"P","collectionId":"b1dae2ea-98b2-4e8a-9ac5-3ea5de6f6688","fields":[{"id":"9c83f488-da77-4ac5-874f-4fe28def253c","value":"{\"root\":{\"children\":[{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"Reflections on Dyslexia, Reading, and the Origins of \",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1},{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"CogniLens\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h3\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"When      I     began      my      apprenticeship     at     the      Reading     Clinic,    Alice      was    responsible    for     my    training.    Like     the     new      waiter   in    a     restaurant,    I     followed     and     observed     a     skilled    Education    Therapist     for      an     extended     period    of     time.     Alice     determined     when      I      was      ready      to      see      my      first      student.\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"It was a warm summer morning, when I went to meet Pauli. Alice had tested him and was there to introduce him to me and to guide my first day. He was a small 6-year-old who was having significant difficulty learning to read. Alice brought him to my studio in the clinic. Pauli was wearing a cowboy hat, had 6 shooters holstered on each side of his waist, a plastic sword tucked into his belt, and a compass in his hand. Alice winked at me and said, “Pauli has come prepared to defend himself, and if need be, to find his way home.” She knew how frightened he was and was cueing me to be aware of that as I worked with him. \",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h4\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h3\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"I     have     encountered     many     Paulis      in       my     subsequent      years    of     teaching,     tutoring      and      testing.     Most     of      the    students     have      invisible      protection     shields     and     conceal    their    weapons,     but     the     anguish,      frustration,      defeat      and       fear      is      always      palpable     if      you      look      for       it.\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"Alice guided me through that first intimidating day with Pauli, and as we later reviewed how the tutoring session went, she pointed out that most of the time I was teaching beyond Pauli’s level of understanding. She advised me to “Backup, backup until you see the gleam in his eye that lets you know he’s got it. Then you will know where to begin.”\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h4\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"Years      later,      when      I       was      teaching      Masters      students     in     Education,     Alice’s     words      were      still     being     heard      as     I     told       my      graduate      Education     Therapy      students     that     there    is     a     great     temptation     when     a     child     says,      “I     don’t     get     it”     to     respond     with     a      rapid,      confident,      “Sure     you     can.     This     is     easy.     Just     let      me      show     you.”    And     then      when      the      student’s      eyes      gloss     over,      think    to     oneself,     “If      she     would      just      focus      and     listen…    she     could     get     it!”     Were     it     that      simple,     the     student     would      have      learned     it.     I     explained     to     them,      As      Alice      had      to        me,      so       many      years     before,     that      it     is     precisely       in       those      moments     that     backing     up      until      you      see      the     “gleam     in      the      eye”      is      what      is     needed.      Pauli      was       struggling      to       learn      to      read      and      backing     up       far      enough      to      find      that      “gleam     in      his      eye”      was       a        real       challenge.\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"The remarkable development of the written symbol to communicate verbal information is predicated on our ability to see particular configurations, to associate them with the world of sound, and to remember that association. It is a complex activity developed late in human history, but of immeasurable significance in the migration of the human spirit. At the simplest, but often most pleasurable, reading brings the storyteller into our presence whenever we want them. The more complex contributions are in effect in nearly everything we eat, drink, wear, drive, reside in, communicate with, recreate with, etc., and text is the medium of disinformation at its most potent. Learning to read is essential to full participation in our society, so Pauli’s struggle, as that of Charlie Williams, was a critical struggle.  \",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h4\"},{\"children\":[],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"heading\",\"version\":1,\"tag\":\"h4\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"___________________________\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1},{\"detail\":0,\"format\":1,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"A note on the formatting:\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1},{\"type\":\"linebreak\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"The increased spacing between words in alternating sections is intentional. It is used to make the contrast visible between standard text spacing and a more widely spaced reading environment.\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"},{\"children\":[{\"detail\":0,\"format\":0,\"mode\":\"normal\",\"style\":\"\",\"text\":\"For some dyslexic and struggling readers, additional space between words can help separate visual information, reduce crowding, and make it easier to track text across a line. The difference between the two formats is meant to show how even a simple adjustment to the appearance of text can change the reading experience. As with the other formatting examples, increased word spacing will not benefit every reader. The goal is to demonstrate that reading environments can be adjusted to better match individual perceptual needs.\",\"type\":\"text\",\"version\":1}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"start\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"version\":1,\"textFormat\":0,\"textStyle\":\"\"}],\"direction\":null,\"format\":\"\",\"indent\":0,\"type\":\"root\",\"version\":1}}","itemId":"4a18bf40-2614-4dc6-b04d-ada04096a026","fieldSchemaId":"fb18b1d5-be2a-4193-8702-66e37269b64d"},{"id":"9cde31a1-21a0-4be3-9853-139880e4bb06","value":"The Lessons of the Reading Clinic","itemId":"4a18bf40-2614-4dc6-b04d-ada04096a026","fieldSchemaId":"f61f5a83-1613-413f-b551-1325163ac001"}]}}}},"slugByItemId":{"3ba58cdb-8831-4ce0-92b4-3971ce1d5de8":"chapter-ii-learning-to-read","4a18bf40-2614-4dc6-b04d-ada04096a026":"the-lessons-of-the-reading-clinic","aff29572-3ce1-47a5-b463-be5af2bb0c33":"chapter-i-maybe-it-started-here","fc62efd0-e6c2-4d02-8bda-7fafaf38cb3f":"serendipity-serves","3179fa20-5ce4-42e8-ba83-c37b558bb63b":"chapter-iv-the-next-phase","6a9656da-e81e-4165-ab7a-409435d7dfa7":"chapter-iii-labeling-helpful"}}